Attachment: The Foundation for Future Relationships throughout the Lifespan
The
socioemotional development that occurs for children during infancy, although
less outwardly drastic than the simultaneous cognitive and physical changes
that take place, is among the most crucial in forming the foundation for later
relationships throughout the lifespan. In this regard, promoting the formation
of a secure attachment – or a positive emotional bond - between the child and
caregiver is the most powerful and crucial development that occurs during
infancy. Indeed, research has shown that attachment during infancy impacts
relationships throughout life. In establishing an attachment with one’s child,
a secure attachment is the ultimate goal. In secure attachments, the child sees
the parent or caregiver as a home base and safe haven from which to explore the
world, is comfortable and at ease in the presence of this individual, and after
a brief absence is immediately comforted by the caregiver’s return. According
to research, babies who demonstrate this style of attachment after their first
year have fewer psychological troubles later in life than do their less
securely attached peers; additionally, they are generally more emotionally
adjusted, socially competent, and tend to be regarded by others in a positive
light. How can you promote this in your child? Follow these simple tips and
tidbits!
- Be sensitive to your child’s needs and responsive to their cues, both verbal and nonverbal!
This
involves being aware of the child’s feelings and reactions during interaction,
and adjusting play and speech depending on the child’s response.
- Strive to be available to the child for nurturing, feeding, or even just cuddling on demand when the infant cries
This promotes
the development of trust, a factor that is the foundation for future social and
emotional development.
- Be warm and affectionate to your infant!
Smiling is
very important in communicating emotional wellbeing to a child. Because
children develop the capacity for social referencing, that is, the ability to
determine how to respond in ambiguous or unfamiliar situations based on how a
trusted caregiver responds, adults often have the power to impact the emotional
response of a child in a major way. For instance, a smile from mom or dad in
the aftermath of a sudden noise or other startling event is often enough to
soothe the child and prevent the infant from becoming fearful and
distressed.
- Hold and comfort your infant
If a child is
distressed or demanding attention, holding the baby and continuing that bonding
contact initiated through kangaroo care is always a good choice in promoting
secure attachment
- Be consistent and immediate in your response to your baby
Immediate
responses from the parent indicate sensitivity to the emotional cues and calls
for attention that the child demonstrates, and consistency in response allows
the child to develop trust that when distress occurs or needs arise, the
caregiver will be there to provide comfort and assistance
Utilize these
tips, and you will be well on your way to setting your child up for a future of
healthy and fulfilling relationships!
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